Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl

Occupational health and disease prevention in the Czech Republic: history and present situation

Milan Tuček

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S3-S5 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6164  

Musculoskeletal disorders and working risk factors

Milan Tuček, Václav Vaněček

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S06-S11 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6183  

Objectives: The authors evaluate situation in the field of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and working risk factors in the Czech Republic. Methods: Analysis of selected data from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases during 2008-2018, description of criteria for recognition of occupational MSDs and risk factors associated with MSDs. Results: 6,152 cases of 6 selected recognized occupational musculoskeletal diseases represent 47% of all recognized occupational diseases. The main proportion formed diseases of peripheral nerves in the extremities in terms of compressive neuropathies due to long-term and stereotyped overload, diseases of...

Assessment of local muscular load of dental practitioners

Anna Schlenker, Martin Kapitán, Lenka Vavřičková, Milena Bušová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S12-S16 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6157  

Objective: Hands and forearms are one of the most common localisations of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among dental practitioners. The aim of this study was to objectively assess the local muscular load of hands and forearms of dental practitioners during various treatment procedures using the method of the integrated electromyography (iEMG). This method is used for health risk assessment and categorization of working operation within the official national methodology. Methods: A total of 24 measurements were performed on 10 dental practitioners during 8 different dental treatments; mostly on those which are most frequent in clinical practice,...

Markers of oxidative stress after three days of nanoTiO₂ sunscreen use in humans: a pilot study

Daniela Pelclová, Tomáš Navrátil, Zdenka Fenclová, Štěpánka Vlčková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S17-S21 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6158  

Objective: Recent experimental studies point to a high reactivity of nanoparticles and the potential of sunscreens to penetrate the skin. We measured 20 markers of oxidative stress and inflammation to find out whether skin exposure to nanoTiO₂ sunscreen may elevate the level of the markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and urine of exposed subjects, as was suggested by our earlier study. Methods: Six volunteers (3 males and 3 females), with a mean age of 48.0 ± 6.7 years, used commercial sunscreen for three days continuously. The first samples were collected before the test. The second samples were collected on day 4, before the...

Barriers to introduction of smoke-free workplaces in Central Europe: example of the Czech Republic

Eva Králíková, Alexandra Pánková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S22-S25 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6160  

Objectives: Smoking at the workplace has a negative impact both on employers' economic interests and employees' health. The aim of this study is to describe the current situation, mainly barriers in implementation and resources in the Czech Republic as an example of a Central European country. Methods: We synthesised relevant review papers with our knowledge of the local situation based upon professional experience of both authors. Results: Despite smoke-free laws, some EU workers are still exposed to passive smoking during working hours. The main barriers towards smoke-free workplace implementation are the lack of resources, perception of smoking...

Hospital as a smoke-free workplace

Lenka Štěpánková, Lenka Kostelecká, Veronika Stejskalová, Milena Kalvachová, Eva Králíková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S26-S30 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6172  

Objectives: The primary aim of a hospital is to promote/improve and restore health, thus smoking, whether in its passive or active form, should be banned in all hospital premises for the benefit of employees and patients alike. The Global Network for Tobacco Free Healthcare Services (GNTH) is an international non-profit association formed in 1999. The GNTH’s mission is to implement tobacco-free policies to create a healthy workplace and patients’ environment; help physicians, nurses, and other healthcare workers to stop smoking; and educate all caregivers about tobacco dependence treatment and support them in providing smoking cessation...

The presence of fine and ultrafine particulate matter in the work environment

Vladimír Adamec, Klaudia Köbölová, Michal Urbánek, Kristina Čabanová, Vladimír Bencko, Milan Tuček

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S31-S36 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6174  

This study presents the results of pilot measurement, where the exposure of fine and ultrafine particulate matter was monitored. The measurement was performed in welding workplace, where these particles are produced unintentionally. The measurement consisted of collecting information and measuring the concentration of particles in the workplace, where data collection was focused only on inhalation exposure. During welding, primarily 300 nm size particles are produced, and their concentration is strongly influenced by the welding material, type of welding and suction. The particles are amorphous in terms of morphology and contain manganese, iron and...

Occurrence of asbestos-related occupational diseases in the Czech Republic in the last 20 years

Magdaléna Janošíková, Marie Nakládalová, Ladislav Štěpánek, Alena Boriková, Helena Vildová, Matyáš Fošum

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S37-S42 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6297  

Objectives: Asbestos-related diseases are still a current problem worldwide. What is their occurrence in the Czech Republic? The answer is the subject of this study, which aims to provide a general and regional overview of the situation over the last 20 years with a more detailed focus on mesothelioma, the development of which is highly associated with asbestos exposure and the issue of their recognition as an occupational disease. Methods: In its retrospective reviews, the study is based on analyses of data from the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic and data from the Czech National Cancer Registry, which also interconnects....

Risk of exposure to acrylamide

Milena Bušová, Vladimír Bencko, Katarína Veszelits Laktičová, Ivana Holcátová, Mária Vargová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S43-S46 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6177  

Objectives: Acrylamide is a toxic compound that can be found it both occupational and non-occupational environments. This study focuses on its sources and health effects of its exposure. Methods: Adverse effects of acrylamide, especially carcinogenic, genotoxic, and teratogenic were reported in many studies conducted on animals. Neurotoxicity was reported in workers exposed to acrylamide in the occupational environment. Another important source of populations' exposure to acrylamide is their nutrition. Results: This study focuses on humans' exposure to acrylamide from various sources and its harmful effects on their health. Conclusions: Dietary intake...

Comparison of selected risk factors in cardiovascular diseases in two different populations of the Czech Republic

Vladimír Pavlík, Václav Šafka, Lucie Pravdová, Miroslav Urban, Petr Lašák, Milan Tuček

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S47-S52 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6182  

Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare the current prevalence of selected risk factors in cardiovascular diseases in the Czech general population in a particular region with a selected population of Czech soldiers in a particular military unit. Methods: Within medical preventive examinations, data from 684 civilians aged between 30-60 years were obtained (405 men and 279 women). Within compulsory medical preventive examinations, data from 659 soldiers from a particular military unit aged between 30-60 years were obtained (576 men and 83 women). Anthropometric parameters such as height and body weight were monitored and then used to calculate...

Are our nurses healthy? Cardiorespiratory fitness in a very exhausting profession

Markéta Sovová, Eliška Sovová, Marie Nakládalová, Tereza Pokorná, Lenka Štégnerová, Oldřich Masný, Katarína Moravcová, Ladislav Štěpánek

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S53-S56 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6210  

Objectives: Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is related to higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, increase in all-cause mortality and higher risk of different tumors. The reverse is also true; improvement in CRF is related to decrease in mortality. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a standard and also the most precise test for determination of CRF - the best possibility is the maximal test measuring different parameters including maximal oxygen consumption. Healthcare professionals throughout the developed world have markedly high rates of sickness absence, burnout, and distress compared to other sectors and this leads to higher risk factors....

Mobbing, subjective perception, demographic factors, and prevalence of burnout syndrome in nurses

Šárka Vévodová, Jiří Vévoda, Bronislava Grygová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S57-S64 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6211  

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome and mobbing, to determine their mutual relationship, and to identify predictors related to the probability of occurrence of burnout syndrome in general nurses working in hospitals. Methods: The work is designed as a cross-sectional study. The research took place in 2018 and the sample included 250 general nurses. Statistical evaluation was performed by means of descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and logistic regression. Three standardized questionnaires were used - Maslach Burnout Inventory, Negative Questionnaire Act and SUPSO. Results: The research...

Study design, size, and adequate exposure data as the crucial aspects in cancer risk assessment and implementation of the precautionary principle

Vladimír Bencko, Milan Tuček, John M. Quinn

Cent Eur J Public Health 2020 Oct;28 Suppl:S65-S68 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6159  

Traditional approaches and study design in cancer epidemiology have not been very successful in identifying and evaluating adequately the potential risk and/or protective factors associated with the disease. The main reasons for the failure are often due the small study sample size, and inadequate exposure information. In this paper, issues and approaches relevant to these two challenges are discussed. Multicentre study is proposed as a way to increase study size and to mitigate criticism about meta-analysis of independent studies. A multicentre study of large cohort or case-control studies also offer an exciting opportunity to study the contribution...