Cent Eur J Public Health 2009, 17(1):47-52 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3407

Selected Aspects of Tobacco Control in Croatia

Patricia R. Loubeau
Zagreb School of Economics and Management, Zagreb, Croatia

This paper seeks to outline the challenges of tobacco consumption control in the transitional economy of Croatia. It focuses on issues of taxation, high unemployment, and smuggling while attempting to meet European Union (EU) accession requirements for tobacco control legislation that reduces smoking consumption. The issue of tobacco control is not a simple one and requires a multi-pronged approach. While Croatia has made good progress in adopting legislation, it needs to strengthen its efforts both in terms of enforcement and increased taxation of cigarettes.

Keywords: smoking, tobacco control, workplace, Croatia

Received: June 30, 2008; Revised: October 6, 2008; Accepted: October 6, 2008; Published: March 1, 2009  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Loubeau PR. Selected Aspects of Tobacco Control in Croatia. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2009;17(1):47-52. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3407. PubMed PMID: 19418720.
Download citation

References

  1. Wald N, Nicolaides-Bouman A. UK smoking statistics. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1991.
  2. Peto R, Lopez AD, Boreham J, Thun M, Heath C Jr. Mortality from tobacco in developed countries: indirect estimation from national vital statistics. Lancet. 1992 May 23;339(8804):1268-78. Go to original source...
  3. Saffer H, Chaloupka F. The effect of tobacco advertising bans on tobacco consumption. J Health Econ. 2000 Nov;19(6):1117-37. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. European Commission [homepage on the Internet]. Brussels: Special Eurobarometer 239 - Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco. Eurobarometer 64.1-64.3:TNSOpinion&Social[cited2008Sep20].Availablefrom:http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_information/documents/ebs_239_sum_en.pdf
  5. Green paper. Towards a Europe free from tobacco smoke: policy options at EU level [monograph on the Internet]. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities; 2007 [cited 2007 Feb 24]. Available from: http://www.coppt.pt/docs/livro_verde.pdf
  6. World Health Organization. Legislating for smoke-free workplaces. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2006.
  7. Turek S, Rudan I, Smolej-Narancić N, Szirovicza L, Cubrilo-Turek M, Zerjavić-Hrabak V, et al.Alarge cross-sectional study of health attitudes, knowledge, behaviour and risks in the post-war Croatian population (The First Croatian Health Project). Coll Antropol. 2001 Jun;25(1):77-96.
  8. Healthy People [homepage on the Internet]. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [cited 2007 Jul 9]. Healthy People 2010: understanding and improving health. Available from: http://www.healthypeople.gov.
  9. European Commission [homepage on the Internet]. Brussels: Special Eurobarometer 239 - Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco. Eurobarometer 64.1-64.3: TNS Opinion & Social [cited 2008 Sep 20].Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_information/documents/ebs_239_sum_en.pdf
  10. MacDonald N. Zagreb's smokers wake up and smell the coffee a forwardlooking cafe in Croatia's capital has defied the nation's nicotine addiction for an aromatic blend. Financ Times. 2007 Apr 17:6.
  11. Hrabak-Zerbajic V. Country report on advertising and promotion bansCroatia [monograph on the Internet]. San Francisco: University of California; 2004 [cited 2008 Sep 18].Available from: http://repositories.cdlib.org/tc/whotcp/Croatia2004.
  12. WHO Regional Office for Europe [homepage on the Internet]. Highlights on health: Croatia, 2005 [cited 2007 Sep 15].Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/highlights.
  13. Green LW. Taxes and the tobacco wars. CMAJ. 1997 Jan 15;156(2):205-6. Go to PubMed...
  14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco useUnited States, 1900-1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999 Nov 5;48(43):986-93. Erratum in: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1999 Nov 12;48(44):1027.
  15. Szilágyi T. Higher cigarette taxes-healthier people, wealthier state: the Hungarian experience. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2007 Sep;15 (3):122-6. Go to original source...
  16. World Health Organization. The European tobacco control report. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2007.
  17. WorldTobacco [homepage on the Internet]. Eastern Europe: EU expansion offers opportunities and challenges. Article id: 13483; 28 January 2008 [cited 2008 Jun 2]. Available from: http://act.tobaccochina.net/englishnew/content1.aspx?id=36723.
  18. BudakJ,GoelRK,NelsonMA.Smokingprevalenceandantismokingregulations in transition countries. Transit Stud Rev. 2006 May;13(1):231-48. Go to original source...
  19. Hajdinjak M. Smuggling in Southeast Europe. TheYugoslav wars and the development of regional criminal networks in the Balkans [document on the Internet]. Sofia: Center for the Study of Democracy; 2002 [cited 2008 Apr 15]. Available from: http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00001572/01/Smuggling_in_SE_EU.pdf
  20. Mackay J, Eriksen M. The tobacco atlas. Brighton: Myriad Editions; 2002.
  21. Medaglia A. Cigarettes are costly, but often less so in Chinatown. NY Times. 2007 Sep 18;sect.B:2 (col.0).
  22. ViewsWire [homepage on the Internet]. The EIU view Croatia: Quarterly economic indicators [cited 2008 Sep 20]. Available from: http://viewswire.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=VWCountryVW3®ion_id=&country_id=1100000310.
  23. Shafey O, Dolwick S, Guindon GE. Tobacco control country profiles. 12th World Conference on Tobacco Control and Health. 2nd ed. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2003.
  24. Davis K, Farrelly M, Li Q, Hyland A. Cigarette purchasing patterns among New York smokers: implications for health, price, and revenue. New York: New York State Department of Health; 2006.
  25. Croatian tobacco factory [homepage on the Internet]. Corporate website Rovinj [cited 2007 Sep 7]. Available from: http://www.tdr.hr/en/index.htm.
  26. World bank [homepage on the Internet]. Regional Report: Europe and Central Asia. Economics of tobacco for the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region [cited 2008 Sep 17]. Available from: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTETC/Resources/375990-1089913200558/EasternCentralAsia.pdf.
  27. United States Department of Agriculture [homepage on the Internet]. Foreign Agricultural Service. Radman M. Croatia tobacco and products report 2001. GAIN Report # HR 1001. March 7, 2001 [cited 2008Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200103/65679911.pdf
  28. United States Department of Agriculture [homepage on the Internet]. Economic research service. Tobacco statistics. (94102) Table 167: world cigarette production selected countries, 1960-1995 [cited 2008 Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/sdp/view.asp?f=specialty/94012/.
  29. Goel RK, Budak J. Smoking patterns in Croatia and comparisons with European nations. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2007 Sep;15(3):110-5. Go to original source...
  30. Adams DG. A two-cigarette society. NY Times. 2007 Oct 22;Sect. A:(col.0).