Cent Eur J Public Health 2011, 19(4):183-189 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3675

Awareness of Cardiovascular Prevention Methods among Residents of Post-Communist Polish Provinces with Highest Mortality Rates

Małgorzata Pikala1, Dorota Kaleta1, Wojciech Bielecki1, Irena Maniecka-Bryła1, Wojciech Drygas1,2, Magdalena Kwa¶niewska1
1 Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Medical University of ŁódĽ, ŁódĽ, Poland
2 Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Prevention and Health Promotion, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland

Aim: The aim of the study was to estimate the awareness of healthy lifestyle behaviours in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevention and to find out possible determinants of this knowledge among adult residents of Polish provinces with the highest CVD mortality rates.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of randomly selected representative sample of 2,211 (51.9% women) aged 20-74 years from ŁódĽ and Lublin voivodeships participating in the National Polish Health Survey WOBASZ. Knowledge on CVD prevention, sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Blood pressure, anthropometrics, plasma lipids and glucose were measured according to the WHO MONICA protocol.

Results: Approximately 68% of participants, had poor awareness of preventive methods and majority of them were not able to name any specific approach. Most often mentioned method of CVD prevention was relaxing/avoiding stress (51.2%). The least known healthy behaviour was a reduction of salt intake and adequate fruit/vegetables consumption, mentioned by 18.2% and 23%, respectively. About 16.4% of women and 23% of men with risk factors of CVD were not aware of any non-pharmacological preventive method. Poor knowledge of CVD prevention was significantly more prevalent among persons aged ≥65 years, with elementary education level, lower income, living in the rural settings, declaring poor self-rated health. Dietary and physical activity advice given by a primary care physician was significantly related to better knowledge among men with CVD risk factors.

Conclusions: There is a need to focus on increasing educational level in this regions, especially in rural settings. Due to important role of primary care physicians in health education, more attention should be paid to individuals with CVD risk factors as their preventive knowledge level is very low and comparable to the level of low-risk individuals.

Klíčová slova: cardiovascular disease, prevention, socioeconomic factors, health promotion, medical care, Central Europe

Vloľeno: 2. březen 2011; Revidováno: 12. srpen 2011; Přijato: 12. srpen 2011; Zveřejněno: 1. prosinec 2011  Zobrazit citaci

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Pikala M, Kaleta D, Bielecki W, Maniecka-Bryła I, Drygas W, Kwa¶niewska M. Awareness of Cardiovascular Prevention Methods among Residents of Post-Communist Polish Provinces with Highest Mortality Rates. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2011;19(4):183-189. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3675. PubMed PMID: 22432391.
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