Cent Eur J Public Health 2016, 24(4):314-320

Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin G Avidity Index among Blood Donors in Alexandria, Egypt

Aleya Abdel Gawad1, Mona Hashish1, Amani Abaza1, Aisha El-Kayal2
1 Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
2 Alexandria Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Alexandria, Egypt

Background and Aim: Transfusion transmitted diseases (TTD) are a major challenge to transfusion services all over the world. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is considered one of the main viruses associated with blood transfusion. As CMV screening is not included in routine screening tests done for donated blood in blood banks in Egypt, the detection of CMV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity needs to be tested for being a useful tool to diagnose recent infection among blood donors. The aim of this work was to study CMV IgG avidity index (AI) among blood donors.

Methods: A total of 88 blood samples were collected from the non-remunerated volunteer blood donors who attended the Alexandria Regional Blood Transfusion Centre. A quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the avidity detection of the specific IgG antibodies to CMV in human serum samples was used.

Results: Eighty five studied blood donors (96.6%) were positive for CMV IgG. Eighty one donors (95.3%) showed high avidity (>45.0%). Regarding the remaining four CMV IgG positive donors; three had medium avidity (<45.0%) and only one had a low avidity of <25.0%. A moderate agreement of 42.4% was found between IgG concentration and avidity.

Conclusions: CMV seroprevalence was found to be high among volunteer blood donors, where age and gender were statistically significant factors associated with CMV IgG concentration. The use of the avidity assay as a screening tool for CMV among blood donors is highly suggested. The exclusion of the low and medium AI units will ensure the availability of a safe stock of blood units, hence eliminating the risk of CMV transmission to vulnerable groups.

Klíčová slova: transfusion transmitted diseases, cytomegalovirus, cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G, avidity index, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Vloženo: 3. listopad 2014; Revidováno: 13. říjen 2015; Přijato: 13. říjen 2015; Zveřejněno: 1. prosinec 2016  Zobrazit citaci

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Gawad AA, Hashish M, Abaza A, El-Kayal A. Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin G Avidity Index among Blood Donors in Alexandria, Egypt. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2016;24(4):314-320. PubMed PMID: 28095288.
Sdílet...
Stáhnout citaci
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Zobrazit celý článek

    Reference

    1. Pass RF. Cytomegalovirus. In: Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, Griffin DE, editors. Fields' virology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001. p. 2675-706.
    2. Schottstedt V, Blümel J, Burger R, Drosten C, Gröner A, Gürtler L, et al. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) - Revised. Transfus Med Hemother. 2010;37(6):365-375. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    3. Zia M, Taha HM, Ricci C. Transfusion-transmitted diseases [Internet]. Medscape; 2014 [cited 2015 Oct 8]. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1389957-overview.
    4. Britt WJ, Boppana S. Human cytomegalovirus virion proteins. Hum Immunol. 2004 May;65(5):395-402. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    5. Koffron AJ, Mueller KH, Kaufman DB, Stuart FP, Patterson B, Abecassis MI. Direct evidence using in situ polymerase chain reaction that the endothelial cell and T-lymphocyte harbor latent murine cytomegalovirus. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1995;99:61-2.
    6. Jarvis MA, Nelson JA. Human cytomegalovirus persistence and latency in endothelial cells and macrophages. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2002 Aug;5(4):403-7. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    7. Caruso C, Buffa S, Candore G, Colonna-Romano G, Dunn-Walters D, Kipling D, et al. Mechanisms of immunosenescence. Immun Ageing. 2009 Jul 22;6:10. doi: 10.1186/1742-4933-6-10. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    8. Bowden RA.Transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1995 Feb;9(1):155-66. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    9. Larsson S, Söderberg-Nauclér C, Möller E. Productive cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection exclusively in CD13-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CMV-infected individuals: implications for prevention of CMV transmission. Transplantation. 1998 Feb 15;65(3):411-5. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    10. Amarapal P, Tantivanich S, Balachandra K. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus in Thai blood donors by monoclonal staining of blood leukocytes. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2001 Mar;32(1):148-53. Přejít na PubMed...
    11. Ziemann M, Hennig H. Prevention of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infections: which is the optimal strategy? Transfus Med Hemother. 2014 Feb;41(1):40-4. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    12. BrittWJ,Alford CA. Cytomegalovirus. In: Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields virology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Raven Press; 1996. p. 2493-523.
    13. Prince HE, Lapé-Nixon M. Role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG avidity testing in diagnosing primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2014 Oct;21(10):1377-84. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    14. Grangeot-Keros L, Mayaux MJ, Lebon P, Freymuth F, Eugene G, Stricker R, et al. Value of cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG avidity index for the diagnosis of primary CMV infection in pregnant women. J Infect Dis. 1997 Apr;175(4):944-6. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    15. Britten A, Ala FA, El Nageh M, editors. Blood transfusion: a basic text. WHO regional publications. Eastern Mediterranean series, no 7. Alexandria: WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 1994.
    16. Sibinga CTS. Blood transfusion and blood components. WHO regional publications. Eastern Mediterranean series, no 12. Alexandria: WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 1995.
    17. Mourad MI, Ashour MS, Mourad ZI. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) among blood donors: the urgency for screening. Bull High Inst Public Health. 1998;28(2):185-94.
    18. Chow SC, Shao J, Wang H. Sample size calculation in clinical research. Chapman and Hall/CRC biostatistics series. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC; 2008.
    19. Baccard-Longere M, Freymuth F, Cointe D, Seigneurin JM, GrangeotKeros L. Multicenter evaluation of a rapid and convenient method for determination of cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G avidity. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001 Mar;8(2):429-31. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    20. Kulkarni H. Choosing a statistical method, with automatic internet searching [Internet]. 2002 [cited 2015 Oct 8]. Available from: http://vz.truni.sk/prednasky/statistika/choosing.html.
    21. Agreement between categorical measurements: Kappa Statistics [Internet]. [cited 2015 Oct 8]. Available from: http://people.dbmi.columbia.edu/homepages/chuangi/kappa.
    22. Basic concepts and definitions [Internet]. [cited 2016 Nov 23].Available from: http://gim.unmc.edu/dxtests/reviewof.htm.
    23. Ho M. Epidemiology of cytomegalovirus infections. Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Sep-Oct;12 Suppl 7:S701-10. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    24. Stagno S, Dworsky ME, Torres J, Mesa T, Hirsh T. Prevalence and importance of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in three different populations. J Pediatr. 1982 Dec;101(6):897-900. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    25. EnrightAM, Prober CG. Herpesviridae infections in newborns: varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2004 Aug;51(4):889-908, viii. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    26. Alao OO, Joseph DE, Mamman A, Banwat EB. The seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibodies among prospective blood donors in Jos. Niger J Med. 2008 Apr-Jun;17(2):198-200. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    27. Adjei A, Armah H, Narter-Olaga E. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among some voluntary blood donors at the 37 military hospital, Accra, Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2006 Sep;40(3):99-104. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    28. PultooA, Meetoo G, Pyndiah MN, Khittoo G. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in Mauritian volunteer blood donors. Indian J Med Sci. 2001 Feb;55(2):73-8.
    29. Kothari A, Ramachandran VG, Gupta P, Singh B, Talwar V. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among voluntary blood donors in Delhi, India. J Health Popul Nutr. 2002 Dec;20(4):348-51.
    30. Gargouri J, Elleuch H, Karray H, Rekik H, Hammami A. Prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in blood donors in the Sfax region (value in blood transfusion). Tunis Med. 2000 Aug-Sep;78(8-9):512-7. (In French.) Přejít na PubMed...
    31. Mussa EA, El Sayed MK, Hafez AM. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus IgG antibody in blood donors. Egypt J Med Lab Sci. 2005;14(1):41-7.
    32. El-Saady AS. Detection of cytomegalovirus infection among blood donors [dissertation].Alexandria:AlexandriaUniversity,FacultyofMedicine;1992.
    33. Nicolle LE, Minuk GY, Postl B, Ling N, Madden DL, Hoofnagle JH. Cross-sectional seroepidemiologic study of the prevalence of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infection in a Canadian Inuit (Eskimo) community. Scand J Infect Dis. 1986;18(1):19-23. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    34. Preiksaitis JK, Desai S, Vaudry W, Roberts S, Akabutu J, Grundy P, et al. Transfusion- and community-acquired cytomegalovirus infection in children with malignant disease: a prospective study. Transfusion. 1997 Sep;37(9):941-6. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    35. Sheevani, Jindal N, Aggarwal A. A pilot seroepidemiological study of cytomegalovirus infection in women of child bearing age. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2005 Jan;23(1):34-6. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    36. Seale H, MacIntyre CR, Gidding HF, Backhouse JL, Dwyer DE, Gilbert L. National serosurvey of cytomegalovirus in Australia. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006 Nov;13(11):1181-4. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    37. VenkitaramanAR, Seigneurin JM, Lenoir GM, John TJ. Infections due to the human herpesviruses in southern India: a seroepidemiological survey. Int J Epidemiol. 1986 Dec;15(4):561-6. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    38. Gratacap-Cavallier B, Bosson JL, Morand P, Dutertre N, Chanzy B, Jouk PS, et al. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in French pregnant women: parity and place of birth as major predictive factors. Eur J Epidemiol. 1998 Feb;14(2):147-52. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    39. Dollard SC, Staras SA, Amin MM, Schmid DS, Cannon MJ. National prevalence estimates for cytomegalovirus IgM and IgG avidity and association between high IgM antibody titer and low IgG avidity. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Nov;18(11):1895-9. Přejít na PubMed...
    40. Okwori A, Olabode AO, Emumwen E, Echeonwu G, Lugos M, Okpe E, et al. Sero-epidemiological survey of human cytomegalovirus infection among expectant mothers in Bida, Nigeria. Internet J Infect Dis. 2009;7(1):1-5. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    41. Lazzarotto T, Spezzacatena P, Pradelli P, Abate DA, Varani S, Landini MP. Avidity of immunoglobulin G directed against human cytomegalovirus during primary and secondary infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1997 Jul;4(4):469-73. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    42. Bodéus M, Feyder S, Goubau P. Avidity of IgG antibodies distinguishes primary from non-primary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. Clin Diagn Virol. 1998 Jan;9(1):9-16. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    43. Lazzarotto T, Varani S, Spezzacatena P, Gabrielli L, Pradelli P, Guerra B, et al. Maternal IgG avidity and IgM detected by blot as diagnostic tools to identify pregnant women at risk of transmitting cytomegalovirus. Viral Immunol. 2000;13(1):137-41. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    44. Bodéus M, Goubau P. Predictive value of maternal-IgG avidity for congenital human cytomegalovirus infection. J Clin Virol. 1999 Jan;12(1):38. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    45. Locatelli F, Percivalle E, Comoli P, Maccario R, Zecca M, Giorgiani G, et al. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in paediatric patients given allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: role of early antiviral treatment for HCMV antigenaemia on patients' outcome. Br J Haematol. 1994 Sep;88(1):64-71. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    46. Lutz E, Ward KN, Gray JJ. Maturation of antibody avidity after primary human cytomegalovirus infection is delayed in immunosuppressed solid organ transplant patients. J Med Virol. 1994 Dec;44(4):317-22. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    47. Lutz E, Ward KN, Szydlo R, Goldman JM. Cytomegalovirus antibody avidity in allogeneic bone marrow recipients: evidence for primary or secondary humoral responses depending on donor immune status. J Med Virol. 1996 May;49(1):61-5. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    48. Satilmiş A, Güra A, Ongun H, Mendilcioğlu I, Colak D, Oygür N. CMV seroconversion in pregnants and the incidence of congenital CMV infection. Turk J Pediatr. 2007 Jan-Mar;49(1):30-6.
    49. Ruellan-Eugene G, Barjot P, Campet M, VabretA, Herlicoviez M, Muller G, et al. Evaluation of virological procedures to detect fetal human cytomegalovirus infection: avidity of IgG antibodies, virus detection in amniotic fluid and maternal serum. J Med Virol. 1996 Sep;50(1):9-15. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    50. Revello MG, Zavattoni M, Sarasini A, Percivalle E, Simoncini L, Gerna G. Human cytomegalovirus in blood of immunocompetent persons during primary infection: prognostic implications for pregnancy. J Infect Dis. 1998 May;177(5):1170-5. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    51. Dangel V, Bäder U, Enders G. Improvement of cytomegalovirus avidity testing by adjusting the concentration of CMV-specific IgG in test samples. J Clin Virol. 2006 Mar;35(3):303-9. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    52. Kanengisser-Pines B, Hazan Y, Pines G,Appelman Z. High cytomegalovirus IgG avidity is a reliable indicator of past infection in patients with positive IgM detected during the first trimester of pregnancy. J Perinat Med. 2009;37(1):15-8. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
    53. Boppana SB, Britt WJ. Antiviral antibody responses and intrauterine transmission after primary maternal cytomegalovirus infection. J Infect Dis. 1995 May;171(5):1115-21. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    54. Kumar H, Gupta PK, Kumar S, Sarkar RS. Is seroprevalence of anti-IGM CMV among blood donors relevant in India? Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2008 Jul-Sep;51(3):351-2. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
    55. Adler SP. Immunoprophylaxis against cytomegalovirus disease. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1995;99:105-9.

    Zpět na obsah