Cent Eur J Public Health 2017, 25(4):299-302 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4529

Selected cardiovascular risk markers in vegetarians and subjects of general population

Martina Valachovičová1, Jana Príbojová1, Vladimír Urbánek1, Lucia Bírošová2
1 Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
2 Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

Objective: Besides genetic factors there are environmental effects including nutritional habits which can influence the risk of age-related diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the age dependence of selected cardiovascular risk markers in two groups of subjects with different nutritional pattern.

Methods: In 470 long-term vegetarians and 478 subjects of general population the following indicators were measured: total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin concentrations, LDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index and insulin resistance IR(HOMA) were also calculated in studied subjects. Obtained data were evaluated according to age decades.

Results: Vegetarian vs. non-vegetarian concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin, and values of atherogenic index and IR(HOMA) were significantly reduced in all age decades. Vegetarian vs. non-vegetarian triacalglycerol concentrations were significantly reduced from 4th-7th decade. Vegetarian average decade values of all lipid parameters were in reference range. In non-vegetarian group, the risk average values of total cholesterol (> 5.2 mmol/l) were found from 5th-7th decade, LDL-cholesterol (> 3.3 mmol/l) in 7th decade and atherogenic index (> 4) in 6th-7th decade. In vegetarians vs. non-vegetarians were noted the average decade values for total cholesterol ranging from 4.01-4.59 vs. 4.48-5.67 mmol/l, for triacylglycerols 1.00-1.33 vs. 1.13-1.74 mmol/l, for LDL-cholesterol 2.03-2.58 vs. 2.43-3.49 mmol/l, for atherogenic index 2.72-3.31 vs. 3.05-4.21 and for IR(HOMA) 0.99-1.15 vs. 1.15-1.84.

Conclusion: Our data show significantly reduced mean age decade values of lipid and non-lipid cardiovascular risk markers in all adult vegetarians. Smaller changes of markers between decades compared to non-vegetarians document a protective effect of vegetarian nutrition in prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Klíčová slova: total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin resistance, age, nutrition

Vloženo: 19. srpen 2015; Revidováno: 17. duben 2017; Zveřejněno: 30. prosinec 2017  Zobrazit citaci

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Valachovičová M, Príbojová J, Urbánek V, Bírošová L. Selected cardiovascular risk markers in vegetarians and subjects of general population. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2017;25(4):299-302. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4529. PubMed PMID: 29346853.
Stáhnout citaci

Reference

  1. Vasto S, Scapagnini G, Bulati M, Candore G, Castiglia L, Colonna-Romano G, et al. Biomarkers of aging. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:392-402.
  2. Simm A, Nass N, Bartling B, Hofmann B, Silber RE, Navarrete Santos A. Potential biomarkers of ageing. Biol Chem. 2008 Mar;389(3):257-65. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  3. Ramic E, Pranjic N, Batic-Majunovic O, Karic E, Alibasic E, Alic A. The effect of loneliness on malnutrition in elderly population. Med Arh. 2011;65(2):92-5. Přejít na PubMed...
  4. Graham I, Atar D, Borsch-Johnsen K, Boysen G, Burell G, Cifkova R, et al; co-experts. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: full text. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007 Sep;14 Suppl 2:S1-113. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  5. Chaudhry KN, Chavez P, Gasowski J, Grodzicki T, Messerli FH. Hypertension in the elderly: some practical considerations. Cleve Clin J Med. 2012 Oct;79(10):694-704. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  6. Ginter E, Šimko V, Wsolová L. Fall of the iron curtain: male life expectancy in Slovakia, in the Czech Republic and in Europe. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2009 Dec;17(4):171-4. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  7. Carroll KK, Kurowska EM. Soy consumption and cholesterol reduction, review of animal and human studies. J Nutr. 1995 Mar;125(3 Suppl):594S-597S. Přejít na PubMed...
  8. Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Babinska K, Valachovicova M. Health benefits and risks of plant proteins. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2005;106(6-7):231-4. Přejít na PubMed...
  9. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Rosell MS. Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets. Proc Nutr Soc. 2006 Feb;65(1):35-41. Přejít na PubMed...
  10. Erkkilä A, de Mello VD, Risérus U, Laaksonen DE. Dietary fatty acids and cardiovascular disease, an epidemiological approach. Prog Lipid Res. 2008 May;47(3):172-87. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  11. Krajčovičová-Kudláčková M, Valachovičová M, Pauková V, Dušinská M. Effect of diet and age on oxidative damage products in healthy subjects. Physiol Res. 2008;57(4):647-51. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  12. Johnson GH, Fritsche K. Effect of dietary linoleic acid on markers of inflammation in healthy persons: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Jul;112(7):1029-41. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  13. Rajaram S, Sabaté J. Health benefits of a vegetarian diet. Nutrition. 2000 Jul-Aug;16(7-8):531-3. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  14. Huang T, Yang B, Zheng J, Li G, Wahlqvist ML, Li D. Cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer incidence in vagatarians: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Ann Nutr Metab. 2012;60(4):233-40. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  15. Richter V, Rassoul F, Hentschel B, Kothe K, Krobara M, Unger R, et al. Age-dependence of lipid parameters in the general population and vegetarians. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2004 Jun;37(3):207-13. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  16. McCarty MF. Vegan proteins may reduce risk of cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular disease by promoting increased glucagon activity. Med Hypotheses. 1999 Dec;53(6):459-85. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  17. Tonstad S, Butler T, Yan R, Fraser GE. Type of vegetarian diet, body weight, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009 May;32(5):791-6. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  18. Reaven GM. Diet and syndrome X. Curr. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2000 Nov;2(6):503-7. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  19. Valachovičová M, Krajčovičová-Kudláčková M, Blažíček P, Babinská K. No evidence of insulin resistance in normal weight vegetarians. A case control study. Eur J Nutr. 2006 Feb;45(1):52-4. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...