Cent Eur J Public Health 2018, 26(3):164-170 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5048

Continued smoking versus spontaneous quitting among pregnant women living in a high risk environment

Peter Balázs1, Andrea Grenczer2, Ildiko Rákóczi3, Kristie L. Foley4
1 Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
3 Debrecen-Nyiregyhaza University, Debrecen, Hungary
4 Wake Forest University Medical School, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

Objectives: In Hungary, 37% of women living in poverty were smokers in 2012. There are no valid data of pregnant women's spontaneous smoking cessation.

Methods: Our retrospective cohort study (2009-2012) targeted the most underdeveloped regions with an estimated 6-8.5% of Roma population. The sample (N = 12,552) represented 76% of the target population i.e. women in four counties in a year delivering live born babies. Chi-square probe and multivariable logistic regression model (p < 0.05) were used to assess relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and spontaneous cessation.

Results: Prior to pregnancy, the overall smoking rate was 36.8%. That of women in deep poverty and Roma was 49.7% and 51.1%, respectively. 70.3% of smokers continued smoking during the pregnancy. Among them 80.6% lived in deep poverty. Spontaneous quitting rate was 23.0%. Factors correlated with continued smoking included being Roma (OR = 1.95), undereducated (OR = 2.66), living in homes lacking amenities (OR = 1.48), and having regularly smoking partner (OR = 2.07). Cessation was promoted by younger age (≤ 18 years) (OR = 0.18), being married (OR = 0.50), and the first pregnancy.

Conclusions: Tailored cessation programmes are needed for Roma, older, low-income, and multiparous women who are less likely to quit on their own. Engaging husbands/partners is essential to reduce smoking among pregnant women and second-hand smoke exposure.

Keywords: tobacco smoking, pregnant women, spontaneous quitting, high risk environment, Roma population

Received: January 27, 2017; Revised: August 31, 2018; Published: September 30, 2018  Show citation

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Balázs P, Grenczer A, Rákóczi I, Foley KL. Continued smoking versus spontaneous quitting among pregnant women living in a high risk environment. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2018;26(3):164-170. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5048. PubMed PMID: 30419616.
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