Cent Eur J Public Health 2021, 29(3):167-176 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6861

Respiratory syncytial virus acute respiratory infections in ≥ 65-year-old adults in long-term care facilities in the Czech Republic

Jiří Beran1, Ana Ramirez Villaescusa2, Raghavendra Devadiga3, Thi Lien-Anh Nguyen2, Olivier Gruselle4, Jean-Yves Pirçon2, Frank Struyf2, Jeanne-Marie Devaster4
1 Vaccination and Travel Medicine Centre, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
2 GSK, Wavre, Belgium
3 GSK, Bangalore, India
4 GSK, Rixensart, Belgium

Objectives: Due to immunosenescence and presence of comorbidities, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease burden is a major health concern in older adults, which is expected to increase with the life expectancy rise. Data on RSV burden are scarce in older adults residing in long-term care facilities, a vulnerable population living in crowded settings. Therefore, two independent prospective studies were conducted during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 RSV seasons to assess RSV acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in ≥ 65-year-old adults residing in long-term care facilities in the Czech Republic.

Methods: RSV ARI episodes were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in nasal swabs collected within 3 days of symptoms onset. The mortality and morbidity of RSV-confirmed ARIs, as well as the risk factors associated with RSV-confirmed ARIs were evaluated.

Results: Among 1,251 participants in the 2003-2004 season (ARI surveillance between October and March), there were no RSV-positive cases in 255 ARI and 105 LRTI episodes. Among 1,280 participants in the 2004-2005 season (ARI surveillance between October and April), there were 39 and 26 RSV-positive cases in 335 ARI and 217 LRTI episodes, respectively, and RSV-positive ARI and LRTI episode incidence rates were 45.82 and 30.40 per 1,000 person-years. Among 290 RSV-negative and 39 RSV-positive ARI cases in the 2004-2005 season, 15 and 4 hospitalizations, 188 and 26 LRTIs, and 11 and 3 deaths were reported. Risk factors associated with RSV-positive ARI were female gender (odds ratio: 4.98), chronic heart failure class II (odds ratio: 2.31) and diabetes requiring insulin treatment (odds ratio: 9.82).

Conclusions: These studies showed that RSV was an important cause of ARI in older adults living in long-term care facilities in the 2004-2005 season, with fluctuating yearly incidences.

Keywords: acute respiratory illness, clinical symptoms, Czech Republic, incidence, long-term care facilities, lower respiratory tract infection, older adults, respiratory syncytial virus, risk factors

Received: April 2, 2021; Revised: August 23, 2021; Accepted: August 23, 2021; Published: September 30, 2021  Show citation

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Beran J, Ramirez Villaescusa A, Devadiga R, Nguyen TL, Gruselle O, Pirçon J, et al.. Respiratory syncytial virus acute respiratory infections in ≥ 65-year-old adults in long-term care facilities in the Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2021;29(3):167-176. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a6861. PubMed PMID: 34623114.
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