Cent Eur J Public Health 2024, 32(3):200-204 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8138

Role of diet in development of non-communicable diseases: focus on gut microbiome

Andrea Fričová¹, Anna Zavaďáková¹, Monika Bludovská^{1, 2}

¹ Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic

² Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic

Objectives: The dietary composition is able to rapidly and significantly influence the diversity of the gut microbiome. This article focuses on how various types of diet affect the composition of the gut microbiome and how dietary changes are able to prevent or slow down the development of non-communicable diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and low-grade inflammation.

Methods: A review in PubMed and a hand search using references in identified articles were performed. Studies published in English from 2000 to 2024 were included.

Results: The studies showed the significant effect of diet on the development of non-communicable diseases dependent on the state of the gut microbiota and molecules it produces. The Western diet that continues to gain in popularity for Czech people, leads to dysbiosis and production of bacterial lipopolysaccharide or trimethylamine N-oxide causing systemic chronic inflammation in the body and thus promoting the development of non-communicable diseases.

Conclusions: Findings from this review emphasize the importance of healthy eating habits in the prevention of intestinal dysbiosis and still increasing prevalence and incidence of obesity and other non-communicable diseases.

Klíčová slova: gut microbiome, diet, obesity, non-communicable diseases, dysbiosis

Vloženo: 27. prosinec 2023; Revidováno: 21. srpen 2024; Přijato: 21. srpen 2024; Zveřejněno: 30. září 2024  Zobrazit citaci