Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement)

Alcohol Use in the Czech Republic – Joint Statement of the Society for Addiction Medicine of the J. E. Purkyně Czech Medical Association and the Czech Society of Cardiology

Michal Miovský, Miloš Táborský, Petr Popov, Aleš Linhart, Tomáš Zima

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S3-S5 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5972  

Alcohol and cardiovascular disease: Position Paper of the Czech Society of Cardiology

Renata Cífková, Alena Krajčoviechová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S6-S9 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5998  

Epidemiologic studies consistently report a U-shaped curve relationship between the amount of alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, with consumption of ≥ three alcoholic drinks being associated with an increased risk. However, the cardioprotective effect of light and moderate alcohol consumption has been recently questioned. In the absence of a randomized trial confirming the cardioprotective effect of light or moderate alcohol consumption, an alternative method to prove the causality is Mendelian randomization using a genetic variant serving as a proxy for alcohol consumption. A Mendelian randomization analysis by Holmes et al. suggests...

Alcohol-related liver diseases

Jiří Ehrmann, Ondřej Urban, Pavol Dvoran

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S10-S14 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5999  

This educational article/narrative review reflects the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) clinical practice guidelines: management of alcohol-related liver disease. An important change contrasting with the 2012 guidelines is the new terminology of alcohol-related liver diseases. Another important outcome is the strong emphasis on prevention of alcohol use disorder which may be performed at all stages of public health care.

Alcohol use and its consequences in the Czech Republic

Viktor Mravčík, Pavla Chomynová, Blanka Nechanská, Tereza Černíková, Ladislav Csémy

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S15-S28 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5728  

Objective: Alcohol consumption is associated with substantial public health burden. This article summarises available information on the patterns and prevalence of alcohol use in the Czech Republic with a focus on the heavy alcohol use and its health and social consequences. Methods: A non-systematic literature review was conducted. The data sources included primarily 3 series of surveys in the adult population, 2 series of surveys in the school population, routine monitoring system of per capita alcohol consumption, routine statistics on alcohol-related morbidity and mortality, and alcohol-related crime. Results: In recent years the registered alcohol...

Public health response to methanol mass poisoning in the Czech Republic in 2012: a case study

Jaroslav Šejvl, Miroslav Barták, Beáta Gavurová, Miroslava Mašlániová, Benjamin Petruželka, Vladimír Rogalewicz, Sergej Zacharov, Michal Miovský

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):29-39 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5764  

Objectives: The study focuses on the 2012 methanol outbreak in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the present study was to apply analytical and descriptive tools to selected qualitative and quantitative processes related to the 2012 methanol outbreak in the Czech Republic. The secondary goal was to study and evaluate in detail their potential for creating integrated conceptual national policies aimed at eliminating the risk of methanol poisoning in the future. Methods: The presented qualitative analysis focused on the content of documents published by Czech public authorities - the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of the Interior, the Czech Agriculture...

Age-gender mortality study on alcohol-induced deaths in Slovakia

Beáta Gavurová, Matúš Kubák, Adam Kulhánek

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S40-S47 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5765  

Objective: Alcohol use is one of the ten most common risk factors threatening global health that is avoidable (ranked fifth after smoking). It is involved in high rates of liver cirrhosis, epilepsy, hypertension, cerebrovascular and mental illness. Negative consequences of family and social drinking are also very significant. The aim of the study is to quantify the gender and age-differentiated disparities in alcohol-related mortality in the population over 16 years between the years 1996-2017 in Slovakia. Methods: We used data from mortality reports within 1996-2017 provided by the National Health Information Centre in the Slovak Republic. We applied...

Spatial analysis of alcohol-related mortality in Slovakia

Matúš Kubák, Beáta Gavurová, Adam Kulhánek

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S48-S54 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5766  

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol-related mortality in Slovak regions, as represented by Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) III level. Methods: We used data from mortality reports spanning 1996-2017 in the Slovak Republic. Data was provided by the National Health Information Centre in Slovakia. We applied two-dimensional correspondence analysis where the dimensions are regions and selected alcohol-related deaths diagnoses are classified by the International Classification of Diseases. Results: Analysis revealed a relationship between the Prešov region and diagnoses I42 - Cardiomyopathy...

First alcohol treatment institutions in today's Czech Republic and Slovak Republic

Jaroslav Šejvl, Beáta Gavurová, Miroslav Barták, Miroslava Mašlániová, Michal Miovský

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S55-S65 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5812  

Objective: Drawing on qualitative analysis of selected historical documents, the paper seeks to provide a definition of the general characteristics of the first institutional alcohol treatment facilities in today's Czech Republic and Slovakia, taking into account the historical context of the first half of the 20th century. An additional aim was to point out the importance of archival research and its contribution to understand the determinants of alcohol-related agenda and alcohol treatment. Methods: The basic data platform was generated by analysis of historical documents pertaining to the subject matter under study and to institutional processes...

Media portrayal of alcohol does not match its real harm effects in the Czech Republic

Kateřina Zachová, Benjamin Petruželka, Miroslav Barták, Vladimír Rogalewicz

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S66-S73 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5826  

Objectives: The Czech Republic ranks among countries with the highest alcohol consumption per capita. Several older studies discuss Czech media portrayal of health effects of alcohol, but we found no recent analysis of media portrayal of harms caused by alcohol consumption. Our analysis aims to fill this gap in. Methods: The dataset of texts (n = 903) consisting of articles from press, radio, television and the internet published within a 30-day interval in 2017 (Newton Media computerized database) was coded and analyzed using mixed quantitative and qualitative approach to content analysis. The frequency of references to acute and long-term alcohol...

Incorporation of Universal Prevention Curriculum into established academic degree study programme: qualitative process evaluation

Michal Miovský, Anna Vondrová, Roman Gabrhelík, Zili Sloboda, Jiří Libra, Amalie Lososová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S74-S82 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5952  

Objective: Comprehensive bachelor's, master's, and doctorate-level curricula of Addiction Studies (Addictology) were developed and implemented at Charles University (First Faculty of Medicine) between 2003 and 2012. This Prague model combines three evidence-based approaches to addressing substance use - prevention, treatment, and public health - into a balanced professionalised discipline. Graduates from this programme are licensed by the State Authority as addictology, a regulated profession in the Czech Republic. Professionals with these degrees are recognised as healthcare professionals, can perform directly in the field and can be contracted by...

National Addiction-specific Institutional Infrastructure – fundamental prerequisite for successful implementation of specialized academic degree study programmes: a case study in historical perspective

Michal Miovský, Anna Vondrová, Roger Peters, Beatrice Kathungu, Amalie Lososová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2019, 27(Supplement):S83-S91 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5980  

Objective: Human resources are crucial for addiction treatment and prevention services, as well as for science and research. The aim of this historical case study is to explain and demonstrate the role of specialized university academic degree study programmes in addictions in the context of a national institutional infrastructure. This specific group of very highly specialized academic programmes represents the highest level of professional development and is producing a totally new generation of addiction specialists with a very distinctive professional identity. Methods: The study protocol is based on a case study research design and the case is...